Their population, especially in the wild, is dwindling at a very fast pace. Sharks are more use alive than dead This is a difficult time. Stanley Heritage Cooler Combo Competition, Mulloway released into Sydneys Georges River, Dean Butler inducted into IGFA Hall of Fame, Calls to include fish, crustaceans and cephalopods to South Australian Animal Welfare Act, Calls to include fish, crustaceans and cephalopods. Shark culling or "shark control" is the act of deliberately killing sharks, thus reducing their population sizes, and preventing shark attacks. In spite of such efforts no significant decrease in rate of shark attacks was ever detected. We should always establish both the pros and cons of culling animals before imposing any culling measures on any species. [62], Environmentalists, conservationists, scientists, animal rights activists and shark experts oppose shark culling. Grizzly Bear vs Black Bear: Whats the Difference. A drum line consists of a large, baited hook suspended from a large plastic float, which in turn is anchored to the sea bed. PROS: Allows shark movement and behaviour to be monitored and studied, swimmers and surfers can be warned if a shark is detected close to shore. Culling is also done in dairy and beef farming to improve the herd performance and quality of produce. [21] Sixty-five percent of shark attacks in New South Wales occurred at netted beaches. Most shark species take longer to reach maturity, especially the larger species such as bullshark, who take about. ", "The Untold Story of Shark Nets in Australia", "Sydney Shark Nets Set to Stay Despite Drumline Success", "Whitsunday Locals Resist Shark Culls After Two Attacks", "Here's What You Need To Know About Australia's SMART Drum Lines Being Used To Prevent Shark Attacks", "Shark Nets Death Traps For Marine Animals", "About the Campaign:Sea Shepherd Working Together With The Community To Establish Sustainable Solutions To Shark Bite Incidents", "Threat to Cut Shark Nets if Government Fails to Act", "Shark nets will return to NSW's north coast beaches", "Shark Nets To Be Removed From All NSW North Coast Beaches", "Dolphins, Rays Among Hundreds Of Non-targeted Animals Killed On Queensland Shark Nets And Drum Lines, Figures Show", "Video: Endangered Hammerhead Sharks Dead on Drum Line in Great Barrier Reef", "621 Sharks Killed Off Queensland Coast Through Control Program", "Australian Government Plans Would Block Shark Cull Photography", "Queensland Government Kills Sharks, Faces Court Challenge", "Overfishing has destroyed Australia's shark population", "Lifesavers warn swimmers off Amity Point", "Australian Authorities Kill 6 Sharks After Whitsunday Islands Attacks", "Culling Of Tiger Sharks After Whitsundays Attacks Sparks Heated Debate", "Fourth Shark Culled Leads to Backlash After Whitsundays Attacks", "Drum Lines Part Of Life In South Africa For 50 Years", "Fact Check: Are smart drum lines just a PR exercise? Eventually, the state government decided to cull them, which solved the problem. The KZNSB also states that there were seven fatal attacks at Durban from 1943 until the installation of shark nets in 1952, and that no fatalities or incidents resulting in serious injury have occurred since nets were installed. PROS: Ability to save sharks once they are caught. Of these animals, 7 were dolphins, 7 were green sea turtles, and 10 were grey nurse sharks, which are critically endangered. PROS: An electrical repellent known as the 'shark shield' has been independently shown to be effective at deterring sharks from biting, most of the time. [41] Jonathan Clark of the Sea Shepherd group said culling sharks would not make swimmers safer. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Government officials often cite public safety (attempting to reduce the risk of shark attacks) as a reason for culling. Many people seem ready to begin a shark. The culling of animals is also beneficial in helping to maintain the sustainability of the ecosystem. The ethics of this practice is a major concern when it comes to the pros and cons of culling animals. Whats more, 65% of the shark attacks that occurred in New South Wales were at beaches that had nets installed. Overfishing, shark finning, climate change, black market trade, and habitat loss have had a massive effect on sharks. Surfer Mick Fanning changed the colour of his board from yellow to dark blue after hearing sharks were attracted to lightly coloured, shiny things. Share Envoy: Shark Cull with your family and friends and start a conversation about how we portray sharks and how they need our empathy and . He adds:" killing endangered species to boost public confidence or to show government action is not workable. [49] The nets were found to be detrimental to the environment700 non-target species were killed. The data is bounced to a satellite and an alert is sent to lifeguards and coastal authorities through a mobile phone app. Pros Cons Sharks are an important source of tourism across Australia. Although the culling of sparrows helped to eliminate the disease, it had a negative impact on the ecosystem. But even then, unintended consequences can arise, which affects biodiversity. Across the Pacific Islands, sharks hold important cultural value. Shark culling or shark control is the act of deliberately killing sharks, thus reducing their population sizes, and preventing shark attacks. The call for a massive cull was backed by the fatal shark attacks in the surrounding waters. [18] Shark experts and conservationists also say there is no evidence that drum lines prevent shark attacks. But is it necessary, and is it ever morally just to willfully kill an animal just for what it might do? We need to take shark culling off the table and look for innovative, non-lethal shark control measures and better general public awareness to co-exist peacefully with sharks and other marine life. There was no difference in number of shark attacks on humans recorded in the Hawaiian islands during the time the program was active or immediately after the closing of the program. (to destroy our oceans), stunned the world. [39][41] Environmental groups criticized the cull; Shark Conservation Australia called the killings a "disgusting knee-jerk reaction" and said it was "a very shameful day here in Australia". Perspective All Sharks hold a economic and cultural significance to many communities. 2. This is not about public safety, rather it's a blatant tactic to reduce public scrutiny by a government under increased public pressure to end its archaic culling program. to reach maturity. [54] This "imminent threat" policy was criticized by Senator Rachel Siewert for killing endangered sharks. They set up traps to catch and kill the cats. Such ecological changes have indirect adverse effects on carbon cycling and, in the longer run, affect our ability to reduce climate change impacts. Because of their huge population, they littered the city with thousands of pounds of feces every day. The NSW Government plans to relocate and release sharks caught by drum lines. Its not a quick death and its not a pleasant one, either. See Related: Different Animals That Cant Jump. [1] From 2013 to 2014, 667 sharks were killed on Queensland's drum lines and in shark nets, including great white sharks and critically endangered grey nurse sharks. These diseases are highly infectious and fatal for both animals and humans. Shark culling is ineffective and the shark responsible for the attacks is not always among the ones killed. Some are suffocated in plastic bags, while others are electrocuted. Shark culling is the deliberate killing of sharks by government authorities, usually in response to one or more shark attacks.The term "shark control" is often used by governments when referring to culls. Its just not true. In fact, when shark culling was carried out in Hawaii, between 1959 to 1976, over 4,500 sharks were killed and yet there was no significant decrease in the number of shark bites recorded. [18] Between 1950 and 2008, 352 tiger sharks and 577 great white sharks were killed in the nets in New South Wales. When this happens, it poses great risks to animals, humans, and the entire ecosystem. Avoid surfing at dusk, or alone, or in the most dangerous spots with murky water. PROS: Ability to sight sharks from the air and potentially give warning to water-goers through the use of sirens or signals. Add to that the fact that shark nets can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, and its easy to see why people are so critical of shark culling, particularly the aggressive programs used in New South Wales and Western Australia. However, the brutal way in which they are killed certainly needs to be rechecked. Sure, sharks are dangerous and if they get you in their sights, they can destroy you in an instant. What do the Public Think About Culling Sharks? The statement, however, was twisted by a local newspaper writer as the lives of sharks are more important than humans. Sharks are long-lived and slow-growing. Mr Barnett says commercial fishermen . Avoid surfing at dusk, or alone, or in the most dangerous spotswithmurky water. [4] The "imminent threat" policy was canceled in March 2017. The culling of ferrets led to a doubling of their population. It causes severe illness in animals and humans. of opposition from the community. "[15], Jane Williamson, an associate professor in marine ecology at Macquarie University, says "There is no scientific support for the concept that culling sharks in a particular area will lead to a decrease in shark attacks and increase ocean safety. Sharks captured using SMART drumlines are tagged and released into the wild where they can be studies further. In Mauritius, the Mauritius flying fox had been causing great losses to farmers. Before we take a closer look at shark culling, lets address the prevalence of shark attacks. There also economic benefits of culling domestic animals, especially in commercial farming. Baited Drumlines How Do They Kill Sharks? The Grom Life is an independent publisher. They were first installed in 1935. Acoustic tagging is the primary method used to tag white sharks in Australia. Those with undesirable traits are culled, allowing farmers to drive profitability. What are the pros and cons of culling animals? If a particular species population becomes too large, that species becomes a threat not just to themselves but also to other animals. But scientists argue that while such hunts may quench the public's desire for vengeance after a [shark] attack, they do little to reduce the likelihood of another one. This is done by targeting and eliminating animals that are sick or have undesirable characteristics. [11], The shark-killing program in Queensland has been criticized by environmentalists, conservationists, and animal welfare advocatesthey say Queensland's shark-killing program is unethical and harms the marine ecosystem. Should Shark Culling Be Banned? Although surfers have called for more drastic actions, like culling in coastal areas, which is an understandable response to such a monstrous predator, theres no evidence that the falling numbers will reduce the likelihood of shark attacks. They believe that we should protect the danger and put sharks before humans. As a result, they were classified as pests, and the government initiated efforts to cull them. Intensively farmed animals like poultry and pigs also play a big role in the growth of virulent diseases like swine flu and avian influenza (H5N1). You can be a voice for sharks and other marine life by signing the petition to end 84 years of shark culling, remove the nets and drum lines and opt for more non-lethal alternatives to shark mitigation. PROS: Statistics support the efficacy of drumlines in reducing shark attacks. As a keystone species, sharks are important for maintaining the delicate balance in the aquatic ecosystem. Shark nets are also used in New South Wales, which includes major cities like Sydney and Canberra. Every year, there are approximately 80 unprovoked shark attacks and between 5 and 10 deaths on average. Predators as Prey: Why Healthy Oceans Need Sharks, , highlights why we need to protect sharks. Furthermore, theres a massive potential to offset carbon emissions by maintaining aquatic ecosystems and seagrass. [11][29][3][6][21] Queensland's shark-killing program has been called "outdated, cruel and ineffective". [9][8] The Queensland Government states that the purpose of the program is to "reduce the possibility of shark attacks on humans in coastal waters of the state adjacent to popular coastal beaches used for bathing" and "is committed to maintaining this important safety initiative". The state government decided to spray pesticides targeting those mosquitoes that bite humans at night. The loss of great white sharks has increased the subsequent ray population who. "[75], George H. Burgess, the former[76] director of the International Shark Attack File, "describes [shark] culling as a form of revenge, satisfying a public demand for blood and little else";[77] he said shark culling is a "retro-type move reminiscent of what people would have done in the 1940s and 50s, back when we didn't have an ecological conscience and before we knew the consequences of our actions. [16], Christopher Neff, a Ph.D. scholar at the University of Sydney notes, "Internationally, shark nets have been labeled a 'key threatening process' for killing endangered species." [32] It has been argued that killing sharks in the Great Barrier Reef is "vastly inconsistent with the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority's main objective, 'to provide for the long-term protection and conservation of the environment. From 1959 to 1976, the state of Hawaii culled 4,668 sharks (at an average cost of $182 per shark), including 554 tiger sharks, in a series of shark control programs. Sharks hold a economic and cultural significance to many communities. Bottom Line Scientists have explained that when the older dominant adults are culled, younger animals move in from the surrounding areas to replace the adults. "You're in their territory" is a common refrain from those who believe the best way to protect humans from sharks is to enter the water at your own risk. You will not find paid product promotions or sponsored content on this site. 426 Words; 2 Pages; Decent Essays. As stated earlier, culling should be based on solid facts and a well-thought-out plan of action. [25] No shark attacks occurred at the netted beaches during the trial, and the trial was continued for the 2017-18 summer. Pollution Types, Shark Nets trap other small creatures as turtles (via Unsplash), The ocean plays an integral role in sustaining our environment and climate, so do sharks and every other creature that lives below the surface. Use of colored and striped swimwear and equipment. PROS: Swimmers and surfers can be warned if a shark is detected close to shore. [21], There are also reports of shark attack survivors being harassed and abused on social media, presumably by extreme environmentalists. Humans kill an estimated 100 million sharks a year. [8][9] The impact of culling is also minor compared to bycatch with 50 million sharks caught each year by the commercial fishing industry. the effectiveness of SMART drumlines were in question, Is Deep Blue The Largest Great White Shark, Sharks and Surfers: Risks, Tips, and More, Yum Yum Yellow, Surfing, Surfboards & Sharks, The Best Surfing Movies From The 80s, 90s & 2000s. [10], Culling compared to bycatch from commercial fishing. Avoiding shark culling allows fish to mature and recover. But contrary to what you might think, shark attacks are incredibly rare. The culling of animals also prevents the spread of diseases that would destroy a particular species gene pool. More about how we earn money as an affiliate. The KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board (KZNSB) says, "Both types of equipment function by reducing shark numbers in the vicinity of protected beaches, thereby lowering the probability of encounters between sharks and people at those beaches." "[12], The prevalence of shark attacks at Runion Islandthere were 19 attacks between 2011 and 2016, including seven which were fatalprompted Runion island's government to carry out a range of systematic long term activities utilising "smart" drumlines and longlines. Between October 2007 and December 2011, about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines died. Decent Essays. "[41] Most Whitsunday locals resisted the cull. They also scavenge, clearing the water of decomposing debris. But the question is, do shark culling programs help save human lives? [6] In addition, Western Australia Fisheries Minister Dave Kelly said "there is currently no scientific evidence to show that drumlines reduce the risk of a [shark] attack". But they are also in danger with overfishing, climate change and government-run culling programs threatening their . They are used throughout Western Australia where they are typically fixed at a depth of about 6 meters and run just under 200 meters long. Culling also helps to manage animals without natural predators. This number includes sharked culled in the name of protecting humans as well as sharks killed for their fins and cartilage. Billions of them were killed. [12] Shark nets are currently installed in Marine Protected Areas, and kill animals there. Not only are shark attacks still common at beaches that have shark nets installed, and not only do they lead to a slow and painful death for the shark, but they kill other marine life as well. However, there are some people who think otherwise. For example, cattle with health and fertility issues, poor milk or meat quality, or age effects are usually eliminated. We need to protect sharks to protect our environment. Depending on government policy, dangerous sharks can be euthanased or transported out to sea, while other non-target marine life can be released. [1] "From 1900 to 1937, 13 people were killed off New South Wales surf beaches by sharks; over the next 72 years, the death rate fell to eight, only one of which was at a meshed beach. . "[43], In a 30-year period, more than 33,000 sharks have been killed in KwaZulu-Natal's shark-killing program. But there has to be a plan in place to help achieve desired outcomes and mitigate the risks. The price of shark culling is too high with other marine life getting caught on the lines 4. Disease reduction deserves mention on the pros and cons of culling animals. They confuse humans for defenseless animals (which, arguably, we are in the eyes of a shark), and most of the time, they dont really care what were doing. The tags are attached to a small arrow-head and a short tether and are usually attached to sharks using a tag pole as they swim past a vessel. Most shark nets are deployed in Western Australia, where shark populations are vast and shark attacks are relatively common when compared to other areas. Invasive Species Both domestic and wild animals can contract diseases when they come into contact with bacteria in soil, plants, or water. The New South Wales Government believes shark nets are worth trialling and plans to install shark nets in a trial off the north coast before the end of the year. This led to the termination of the three-year program afteronly three months. As a result, the government started culling them. [1], Drum lines have been criticized for being environmentally destructive and speciesist, and have sparked public demonstrations and vocal opposition, particularly from environmentalists, animal welfare advocates and ocean activists. "Shark culling is a relic of the past. The predatory role of sharks is also significant for the worlds economy. They have been trialled in Western Australia. As of May, 2021, the effectiveness of SMART drumlines were in question, adding more fuel to the controversial topic of shark culling. The nets are submerged near high-population areas and are designed to trap, entangle, and kill the shark. Between 2017 and 2018, it was reported that 403 marine animals were killed by the use of shark nets. In South America, for example, vampire bats are responsible for the transmission of the deadly rabies virus. The deer population in the UK is also managed through culling. Over the span of 23 years, 1,589 replacement heifers were exposed to bulls. Natalie Banks, testified the statement saying that the use of shark hooks has never proven to work. And what effect do they have on the marine environment? Overall, the Jaws effect and cull programs resulting from an inaccurate shark mental . Lets start with the fact that were protecting different animal species; why shouldnt we protect sharks? "[34], In 2017, "Humane Society International applied for lethal shark control programs in New South Wales and Queensland to be listed as key threatening processes under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act [of Australia]. Sharks regulate the behaviour of prey species, and prevent them from over-grazing vital habitats. This shows that the benefits of shark tourism have a cascading effect on the entire ecosystem. Some of the methods used to kill sharks include: On the surface, a shark net sounds like a pretty humane way to trap and release a shark, but shark nets are designed to kill. [21], The current net program in New South Wales has been called "outdated and ineffective",[18] and has been criticized by environmentalists, who say nets harm the marine ecosystem. She started writing about her passion for the environment when the world came to a stop in early 2020. When bats are culled in South America to prevent rabies, for example, care must be taken to remove overabundant vampire bats, rather than insectivorous bats that typically do not interact with. CONS: Shark biologist Dr Rachel Robbins told Radio National: "The problem is, it could lead people into a false sense of security because they'll think 'there hasn't been a detection in two weeks', however we're only looking at tagged sharks and we're only going to ever be able to tag a very small portion of the shark population at any one time". Sharks are [viewed as] either a commodity or a pest, instead of a respected fellow species on this planet. "[46] Runion authorities currently kill about 100 sharks per year. CONS: Nets float above the sea floor and are placed in sections, so do not provide an enclosed area or barrier between people and sharks. The traps with a baited hook that are used to attract and snare sharks instead trap them on the ocean floor, leaving them unable to swim. Here, culling is done based on factors affecting cow performance, such as milk production, reproductive status, and diseases. There has been strong opposition to the policy, including from one man who vandalised Premier Colin Barnett's office. [78], In a program in Recife, Brazil, sharks were captured and moved 8 kilometers away from local beaches (though, the program did result in the deaths of about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines, including 114 sharks between 2007 and 2011). Last but not least, on our list of pros and cons of culling animals is the role culling plays in the extinction of endangered animals. Shark control is a controversial topic, as you would expect, and many experts argue that its just the governments way of making it look like they are responding to shark attacks, even though those responses are expensive, inhumane, and only partially effective. [11] More than 5,000 marine turtles have been caught on the nets. Culling offers many potential benefits, as highlighted below. . has been looking into available options to minimize the risk of shark attacks. Culling these heifers immediately after pregnancy checking serves three very useful purposes: Identifying and culling open heifers early will remove sub-fertile females from the herd. Backed by the use of sirens or signals quick death and its a... ] Runion authorities currently kill about 100 sharks per year and seagrass were protecting different species!, more than 33,000 sharks have been killed in KwaZulu-Natal 's shark-killing program how we earn money as affiliate. 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